Views: 42 Author: Wang Publish Time: 2024-11-20 Origin: Site
Hastelloy B3 is a nickel-molybdenum alloy. It has great resistance to pitting, corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking. It also has better thermal stability than alloy B2. In addition, this nickel steel alloy has great resistance to knife-line and heat–affected zone attack.
Alloy B3 also withstands sulfuric, acetic, formic and phosphoric acids, and other non-oxidizing media. Furthermore, this nickel alloy has excellent resistance to hydrochloric acid at all concentrations and temperatures. Hastelloy B3’s distinguishing feature is its ability to maintain excellent ductility during transient exposures to intermediate temperatures. Such exposures are routinely experienced during heat treatments associated with fabrication.
The improved thermal stability of alloy B3 minimizes the problems associated with fabrication of B2 alloy components. This is because alloy B3 is less likely to form harmful intermetallic phases. This gives it more ductility than alloy B2 during and after different thermal cycling conditions.
B3 has good overall forming and welding characteristics. It may be forged or otherwise hot-worked, providing that it is held at 2250°F. (1230°C) for a time sufficient to bring the entire piece to temperature.
Since it is a low carbon alloy, using lower hot finishing temperatures may be needed to control grain size. B3 may also be formed by cold working. Although it does work-harden somewhat rapidly, B3 components can be made using all common cold forming techniques. Boiling 20% HCl tests show B3 alloy's uniform corrosion resistance remains unaffected despite up to 50% cold reduction.
Hastelloy B3 alloy (UNS N10675) exhibits extremely high resistance to pure hydrochloric, hydrobromic, and sulfuric acids. Alloy B3 does not resist corrosion well in oxidizing environments.
Therefore, it is not recommended for use in these conditions. It should also be avoided in the presence of ferric or cupric salts. These salts can cause quick and serious corrosion failure.
These salts may develop when hydrochloric acid comes in contact with iron and copper. If you use this nickel steel alloy with iron or copper pipes in a hydrochloric acid system, it may fail early. The salts can cause this problem.
The Chemical Compostition of Hastelloy B3, % | |
Nickel | ≥65 |
Molybdenum | 28.5 |
Chromium | 1.5 |
Iron | 1.5 |
Tungsten | ≤3 |
Manganese | ≤3 |
Cobalt | ≤3 |
Aluminum | ≤0.5 |
Titanium | ≤0.2 |
Silicon | ≤0.1 |
Carbon | ≤0.01 |
Niobium | ≤0.2 |
Vanadium | ≤0.2 |
Copper | ≤0.2 |
Tantalum | ≤0.2 |
Zirconium | ≤0.01 |
Alloy B3 is excellent towards pitting and corrosion resistance, has a better plus thermal stability than B2 Grade with stress corrosion and cracking resistance. A perfect reducing agent with resistance across all concentrations and temperatures.
In addition, the alloy has a heat-affected zone and is resistant to knife-line attack; only the use of oxidizing agents can reduce resistance. To summarize, Hastelloy B3 has long-term durability without corrosion resistance.
The metal's resistance also shows the durability of the metal, which tells about the cost and its usage. Strength and durability are the essence of the wear and tear of the material. The metal's impact strength means how much it can absorb during combating fracture and cracking.
Hastelloy B3 Forging and heat treatment are processes to boost its strength. This improves the mechanical properties. Relating to production, like tempering and annealing, such processes promote elasticity and lower material hardness.
This helps the final products for cracks and porosity. Hastelloy B3 excellent resistant to corrosion, promoting durability.
In non-magnetic metals, an important distinction is to choose the ideal metal for the application. Ferromagnetic alloys have iron content and hence are magnetized. Nonmagnetic metals like B3 repel magnets.
Hastelloy B3 is nonmagnetic and has better weldability, corrosion resistance and higher tensile strength. With higher tensile strength, it is lighter than other magnetic metals, promoting straightforward lifting and transport.
Machinability is the metals in shear stress, horsepower and energy. Alloys having higher specific powers or pressure have difficult processes for machining. Alloy B3 needs little energy to cut, with no wear on the trolling, leaving a fine finish, with less time to finish. The required drilling speed ranges from 3 to 15 meters per minute and 15 to 61 meters per minute for cutting speed.
Weldability is the feasibility of joining metals, by which many thermoplastics can be welded. Although some are complex, hence weldability determines the weld process, easing the quality of the finished product. It is not easy to differentiate weldability but metals can be differentiated.
Hastelloy B3 goes best with the tungsten arc, Gas Metal Arc and shielded metal arc welding processes. However, it is vital to match other metals, such as solid wires and coated electrodes.
Moderate reductions, frequent reheating, annealing, and cold forming can help welding processes. Checking on spinning, punching, shearing, and hammering is needed to enhance welding. Besides, frequent annealing is critical for reducing corrosion.
Thermal expansion indicates how the metal can be elongate at one degree Celsius. Hence coefficient ration is crucial since it determines crystals thermal stability (Thermal shock resistance). It is critical to check thermal shock resistance characteristics before you close on a metal for its works. Hastelloy B3 has good corrosion thermal, knife cutting resistance that increases durability and strength.
Reactors and Equipment: Hastelloy B3 plates are widely used in reactors, vessels, and other equipment exposed to highly corrosive substances like hydrochloric acid.
Heat Exchangers: The alloy’s resistance to corrosive environments makes it ideal for heat exchangers where harsh chemicals are processed.
Flue Gas Desulfurization: Hastelloy B3 is utilized in flue gas desulfurization systems, where it withstands the corrosive effects of acidic gases and slurries.
Waste Treatment: The alloy is used in equipment for handling and treating industrial waste, where it resists corrosion from harsh chemicals.
Seawater Applications: Hastelloy B3 plates are employed in marine environments, including seawater cooling systems and desalination equipment.
Offshore Structures: The alloy is suitable for offshore platforms and subsea equipment, ensuring reliability in challenging marine conditions.
Downhole Equipment: In the oil and gas industry, Hastelloy B3 is used for downhole equipment that encounters corrosive fluids and gases, providing long-term performance in harsh environments.
Refinery Components: The alloy is also used in refining processes where it must endure aggressive chemicals and high temperatures.
Process Vessels: Hastelloy B3 plates are used in pharmaceutical manufacturing for process vessels that handle corrosive chemicals and need to maintain strict hygiene and safety standards.
Sterilization Equipment: The alloy’s resistance to corrosive sterilants makes it suitable for equipment used in the sterilization process.
