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ASTM B162 is a technical specification standard established by ASTM for nickel and nickel alloy plates, coils, and strips. This standard specifies the material grades, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, dimensional tolerances, and technical requirements for these products.
ASTM B162 covers manufacturing processes, available conditions, surface treatment requirements, and inspection methods. It is primarily applicable to equipment manufacturing in industrial sectors such as chemical processing, offshore engineering, and petrochemicals where high corrosion resistance is essential.
Specification | ASTM B162 UNS N02201, ASME SB162 |
Sizes | 1000 mm x 2000 mm, 1220 mm x 2440 mm, 1500 mm x 3000 mm, 2000 mm x 2000 mm, 2000 mm x 4000 mm |
Thickness | 0.1mm to 100 mm |
Width | 10-2500mm |
Length | 2m, 2.44m, 3m, or as required |
Finish | Hot rolled plate (HR), Cold rolled sheet (CR), 2B, 2D, BA NO(8), SATIN (Met with Plastic Coated) |
Hardness | Soft, Hard, Half Hard, Quarter Hard, Spring Hard etc. |
Stock in form of | Plate, Sheet, Coils, Foils, Rolls, Plain Sheet, Thin Sheet, Strip, Flats, Clad Plate, Rolling Sheet, Flat Sheet, Rolling Plate, hot rolled, cold rolled, annealed, soft annealed, sheared, tread plate, Checker Plate |
Material | JIS: N0, N2, N1, NW2200, NW2201, NW4400, NW5500, NW6002, etc |
ASTM Standard | ASTM A162, GB/T2054, DIN177502002, ASTM B127,ASTM B435, ASTM B582, ASTM B575, ASTM B168, ASTM B443, ASTM B463, ASTM B626, ASTM B536, etc |
Why choose JN | EN 10204/3.1B Raw Materials Certificate 100% Radiography Test Report Third Party Inspection Report, etc High special strength, high melt point Excellent corrosive resistance,good thermal resistance Customer support after-sales service Huge Stock, Timely delivery Strict Control from Raw Material to Finished Free Quote, Inquiry answered within 24 hours |
UNS N02201 (Nickel 201) is a commercially pure nickel material distinguished by its high nickel content and low carbon content. This sets it apart from the higher-carbon Nickel 200, endowing Alloy 201 with outstanding high-temperature stability. It effectively resists corrosion in environments above 315°C, making it suitable for higher-temperature applications.
Alloy 201 exhibits outstanding corrosion resistance, high thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity. In the annealed state, it demonstrates good plasticity and moderate mechanical strength, facilitating both hot and cold forming processes. It can be welded using techniques such as TIG and MIG.
UNS N02201 Chemical Composition (wt%)
Composition | Value (wt%) |
Ni | ≥ 99.0 |
C | ≤ 0.02 |
Fe | ≤ 0.40 |
Mn | ≤ 0.35 |
Si | ≤ 0.35 |
S | ≤ 0.010 |
Cu | ≤ 0.25 |
Mg | 0.01 - 0.10 |
UNS N02201 Physical Properties
Parameters | Value |
Density | 8.89 - 8.90 g/cm³ |
Melting Point | 1435 - 1446 °C |
Thermal Conductivity | About 70 W/m·K |
56.3 W/m·K | |
Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 13.3 μm/m·K |
14.4 μm/m·K | |
Elastic Modulus | About 207 GPa |
Magnetic | Ferrerrous Ferromagnetism |
UNS N02201 Mechanical Properties
Parameters | Annealed |
Tensile Strength | ≥ 345 MPa |
Yield Strength | ≥ 83 MPa |
Elongation at Break | ≥ 30% - 35% |
Hardness | 65 - 85 HB |
Corrosion Resistance
The most critical characteristic of UNS N02201 is its corrosion resistance. It performs exceptionally well in reducing environments, neutral conditions, and alkaline media, demonstrating outstanding resistance to strong alkalis such as caustic soda. This alloy is suitable for various process water environments, including fresh water and seawater.
High-Temperature Resistance
Benefiting from its extremely low carbon content, UNS N02201 is highly suitable for high-temperature applications. Its low-carbon nature effectively prevents carbide precipitation along grain boundaries at temperatures exceeding 316°C, thereby avoiding high-temperature embrittlement and significantly enhancing resistance to intergranular corrosion.
Processability and Formability
This material exhibits outstanding cold and hot workability. Its high ductility and moderate strain hardening rate make it highly suitable for deep cold forming operations such as spinning, deep drawing, bending, and coiling. It possesses good weldability, supporting various welding methods including TIG and MIG.
Electromagnetic and Physical Properties
As a commercial pure nickel, UNS N02201 exhibits ferromagnetic properties. Compared to stainless steel, it offers superior thermal and electrical conductivity, making it suitable for battery components, electronic parts, and heat exchangers.
Price Per Kg | Product Form |
24.37-25.92 | Nickel Plate (China) |
26.06 | Plate/Strip/Bar/Tube (China) |
27.47 | Pure Nickel Plate/Bar/Tube (China) |
32−42 | Nickel Plate (USA) |
28−30 | Nickel Plate (USA) |
16.33 | Round Bar (India) |
28.16 | Coils (India) |
Chemical Composition and High-Temperature Stability
The most fundamental difference between the two lies in their carbon content. Nickel 201 has a carbon content below 0.02%, while Nickel 200 has a maximum carbon content of 0.15%. This compositional difference causes carbon to precipitate and form graphite within Nickel 200 when exposed to temperatures above 315°C (635°F) for extended periods, leading to embrittlement and significant performance degradation.
Conversely, Nickel 201, with its extremely low carbon content, effectively resists graphitization. Consequently, it is suitable for high-temperature environments up to 600°C, far exceeding the upper temperature limit of Nickel 200.
High-Temperature Mechanical Properties and Applicable Standards
The applicable standards and mechanical properties of both alloys also differ under high-temperature conditions. For instance, per the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Nickel 200 is approved for pressure vessel construction up to approximately 315°C, while Nickel 201 is approved for higher temperature ranges up to 600°C.
At room temperature, the mechanical properties of both materials are very similar, exhibiting good ductility. However, near or above Nickel 200's temperature limit, Nickel 201 maintains superior corrosion resistance and structural integrity.
Primary Applications
Nickel 201 is the material of choice for high-temperature, highly corrosive environments, particularly suited for high-temperature equipment, reactors, and components requiring high-temperature resistance in the nuclear and aerospace industries. Nickel 200, meanwhile, finds broader application in medium-to-low temperature environments, such as food processing equipment, chemical transport vessels, and electronic/electrical components.
How to Choose Between Nickel 200 and 201?
The most critical decision factor when selecting between Nickel 200 and Nickel 201 is the maximum operating temperature. If the application environment temperature consistently or intermittently exceeds 315°C (677°F), Nickel 201 must be chosen to ensure safe equipment operation.
For applications below this temperature, Nickel 200 is typically an economical choice that meets performance requirements.
